Method of data collection, often associated with Qualitative Research, that allows researchers to talk one-on-one with a respondent thus providing the opportunity to dig deeper and find out additional details that may not be available through other methods.

Promotional method in which one party (e.g., salesperson) uses personal contact to build relationships with another party (e.g., those involved in a purchase decision) that results in both parties obtaining value.

A direct distribution system involving a person whose main responsibility is to create and manage sales (e.g., salesperson) generally by persuading the buyer to place an order.

A component of the internal influences on consumer buying behavior that represents the perceived personal characteristics that a person consistently exhibits, especially when that person acts in the presence of others.

Used as a tool for depicting the concept that products go through several stages of “life” with each stage presenting the marketer with different challenges that must be met with different marketing approaches.

Name given to a method of delivery of audio and video programming that a user can download to a media devices, such as MP3 players or video player, thus allowing for playback on the user’s own schedule.

A form of trade sales promotion that are generally found in retail outlets and allow products to be prominently presented thereby increasing the probability the product will standout.

Those who have yet to purchase but possess what the marketer believes are the requirements to eventually become a customer.

A form of sales promotion, used in both consumer and business markets, in which free merchandise is given-away, though these products are generally not the actual product but have some connection to the actual product (e.g., free coffee cup imprinted with product logo).

A media relations tool used as part of Public Relations that includes information such as company background, key managerial biographies and other supporting materials intended to be useful to members of the news media.

A document issued by a company and intended to gain news media attention or to provide information to other company stakeholders (e.g., customers, investors).

A type of psychological pricing where initial price is set based on customers’ perception of a correlation between perceived price and product quality where higher priced products are perceived has being higher quality compared to a lower priced product.

A market pricing method for setting a product ’s initial price that is used when there are multiple products within a marketer’s product line and customers’ perception of difference is affected by the separation in prices for each item (e.g., low price, mid-price and premium price).

Key component of the marketer’s toolkit that represents decisions on the methods and strategies needed to determine what a customer will give up in exchange for obtaining value from a marketer’s product.

The outermost container that is seen and touched by the final customer and includes: first-level package, second-level package and package inserts.